Saiba as diferenças entre make e do

Os usos do verbo make e do verbo causam muitas dúvidas em alunos de todas as idades. Você saberia quals as diferenças entre make e do?

Veja aqui as principais formas de usar cada um desses verbos e tire suas dúvidas.

Uma das grandes dúvidas de alunos brasileiros que estão tentanto aprender inglês é o uso correto desses verbos e as diferenças entre make e do, já que, no português, o significado de ambos costuma ser aproximado ao verbo “fazer”. Mas, na língua inglesa, cada uma dessas palavras tem aplicações e usos próprios.

Quando usar make

O verbo make é usado quando algo é criado, produzido ou construído e para ações que você escolhe realizar. Isso é, a ênfase é no resultado ou produto de uma ação. Alguns exemplos:

• She made a pie (Ela fez uma torta)
• I’ve made some coffee (Eu fiz um pouco de café)
• Did you really make those socks? (Você fez mesmo essas meias?)

Quando usar do

O verbo do é usado para atividades em geral, ações, obrigações e tarefas repetitivas. Aqui, o foco é no processo de agir ou realizar algo. Também é geralmente usado com palavras como nothing, anything, something ou everything. Por exemplo:

• What did you do this weekend? (O que você fez esse final de semana?)
• I didn’t do anything on Sunday (Não fiz nada no domingo)
• He’s tired of doing everything himself (Ele está cansado de fazer tudo sozinho)
• Are you doing anything interesting this weekend? (Você vai fazer algo interessante este final de semana?)

Os dois exemplos exemplos a seguir (retirados do Dicionário Cambridge) deixam mais claro quando usar um ou o outro verbo, empregando ambos numa mesma frase para introduzir ideias diferentes:

• When I was doing [ação] the calculations, I made [resultado] two mistakes. (Quando estava fazendo os cálculos, cometi dois erros)
• I did [ação] some work last summer; I made [resultado] a pond in her garden.  (Eu fiz uns trabalhos no último verão; fiz um lago no jardim dela)

Substantivos mais usados com cada verbo

Alguns substantivos (nouns) são combinados com mais frequência com um ou com outro dos dois verbos. Veja a seguir:

Mais usados com make

apology	coffee	excuse	love	offer	remark
assumption	comment	friends	lunch	phone call	sound
bed	complaint	guess	mess	plan	soup
breakfast	dinner	law	mistake	profit	speech
cake	effort	list	money	progress	statement
change	error	loss	noise	promise	tea

Mais usados com do

activity	damage	favor	job	task
business	drawing	gardening	laundry	test
cleaning	duty	harm	one’s best	washing (up)
cooking	exam(ination)	homework	painting	work
course	exercise	ironing	shopping

Expressões com make e do

Além dos substantivos, há muitas expressões que são sempre faladas ou escritas com make ou com do, obrigatoriamente. Infelizmente, não existem regras claras para definir qual dos verbos usar, então é preciso decorá-las. Veja as listas abaixo:

Verbo Make:

amends	How can I make amends?
an appointment	She made an appointment with the dentist.
arrangements	Let’s make some arrangements.
an attempt	Let’s at make an attempt to be on time.
believe	Their favourite game is to make believe that they are kings and queens.
certain	I think the restaurant opens at six, but let’s make certain.
a change	I’ve made some changes.
a choice	You need to make a choice.
a comment	She made a comment about my shirt.
a complaint	He made a complaint to the manager.
a confession	I’d like to make a confession.
a date	What if we make a date for next week?
a decision	I’ve made my decision.
a difference	Exercising really made a difference.
a discovery	He made a discovery.
an effort	Make an effort!
an error	He made an error on the report.
your escape	The robbers made their escape.
an exception	I made an exception to them today.
an excuse	Did he make an excuse?
a face	The child made a face.
a fire	We made a fire and had a hot drink.
a fool of yourself	You’ll make a fool of yourself.
a fortune	She made a fortune when she sold her company.
friends	She made lots of friends.
fun of	They love to make fun of the teacher.
a fuss	Don’t make a fuss!
an impression	She certainly made an impression!
a joke	He made a joke.
a list	I must make a list.
a loss	Their business made a loss.
love	The hero and the heroine made love.
a mess	What a mess he made!
a mistake	She made so many mistakes.
money	He made a lot of money.
a move	Let’s make a move.
a noise	Try not to make a noise.
an observation	Could I make an observation?
an offer	She made an offer on a painting.
a payment	I’d like to make a credit card payment.
a phone call	I’m going to make a phone call.
plans	He is making plans to move to London.
a point	He used examples to make his point.
a prediction	He made a prediction.
a profit	His business made a profit.
progress	We’re making some progress!
a promise	I made a promise to my father.
a remark	The boss made a remark about his work.
a reservation	Could you make a reservation for tonight?
a scene	She made a scene in the café.
a sound	Don’t make a sound!
a suggestion	Can I make a suggestion?
sure	Go and make sure.
the bed	Make the bed before you leave.
time (= achar tempo para fazer algo)	You need to make time to study.
trouble	That man is trying to make trouble.
a visit	I need to make a visit to my aunt.
your mind up	Make your mind up quickly!
your way	He made his way to a café.

 

Verbo Do:

30 mph (miles per hour)	Many people do more than 30 mph on this road.
badly	She did very badly on the exam.
your best	Don’t worry, just do your best.
business	It’s been a pleasure doing business with you.
chores	I have to go home and do some chores.
a course	John has decided to do a course in writing.
damage	The storm has done a lot of damage to the house.
the dishes / the washing up	I really hate doing the dishes.
a drawing	The little boy spent hours doing a drawing.
your duty	He has to do his duty.
an exam	I have to do three exams.
exercise	Julie likes doing exercise.
an exercise	The teacher asked us to do a lot of grammar exercises.
someone a favour	My friend did me a huge favour.
the gardening	David often spends Sunday doing gardening.
good	She tries to do good.
you good	You should eat vegetables. They’ll do you good!
your hair	She spends ages doing her hair.
harm	It did more harm than good.
homework	Have you finished doing your homework?
housework	Let’s do the housework quickly.
the ironing	She does the ironing.
a job	I think the students did a great job.
the laundry / the washing	He did the laundry.
your nails	She likes to do her nails each week.
a painting	There was an old man doing a painting.
paperwork	Does everybody hate doing paperwork?
research	I’m doing some research.
the shopping	I’ll do the shopping tomorrow.
time (= estar na cadeia)	He’s doing time.
well	My brother is doing well in his new job.
work	Peter does a lot of work at the weekends.
your worst	Rain, do your worst!

Você já sabia como e quando usar o verbo make e o verbo do? E as principais expressões com cada um deles, já conhecia? Pode parecer difícil a princípio, mas é só estudar com atenção para o uso desses verbos se tornar mais natural.

E se você tiver dúvidas em outros tópicos da gramática inglesa, como o uso de will e going to ou can e may, ou sobre os advérbios em inglês, leia os outros artigos do nosso blog e acompanhe nossas postagens.