Saiba as diferenças entre make e do

Os usos do verbo make e do verbo causam muitas dúvidas em alunos de todas as idades. Você saberia quals as diferenças entre make e do?

Veja aqui as principais formas de usar cada um desses verbos e tire suas dúvidas.

Uma das grandes dúvidas de alunos brasileiros que estão tentanto aprender inglês é o uso correto desses verbos e as diferenças entre make e do, já que, no português, o significado de ambos costuma ser aproximado ao verbo “fazer”. Mas, na língua inglesa, cada uma dessas palavras tem aplicações e usos próprios.

Quando usar make

O verbo make é usado quando algo é criado, produzido ou construído e para ações que você escolhe realizar. Isso é, a ênfase é no resultado ou produto de uma ação. Alguns exemplos:

  • She made a pie (Ela fez uma torta)
  • I’ve made some coffee (Eu fiz um pouco de café)
  • Did you really make those socks? (Você fez mesmo essas meias?)

Quando usar do

O verbo do é usado para atividades em geral, ações, obrigações e tarefas repetitivas. Aqui, o foco é no processo de agir ou realizar algo. Também é geralmente usado com palavras como nothing, anything, something ou everything. Por exemplo:

  • What did you do this weekend? (O que você fez esse final de semana?)
  • I didn’t do anything on Sunday (Não fiz nada no domingo)
  • He’s tired of doing everything himself (Ele está cansado de fazer tudo sozinho)
  • Are you doing anything interesting this weekend? (Você vai fazer algo interessante este final de semana?)

Os dois exemplos exemplos a seguir (retirados do Dicionário Cambridge) deixam mais claro quando usar um ou o outro verbo, empregando ambos numa mesma frase para introduzir ideias diferentes:

  • When I was doing [ação] the calculations, I made [resultado] two mistakes. (Quando estava fazendo os cálculos, cometi dois erros)
  • I did [ação] some work last summer; I made [resultado] a pond in her garden.  (Eu fiz uns trabalhos no último verão; fiz um lago no jardim dela)

usos-do-make-do-em-ingles

Substantivos mais usados com cada verbo

Alguns substantivos (nouns) são combinados com mais frequência com um ou com outro dos dois verbos. Veja a seguir:

Mais usados com make

apology

coffee

excuse

love

offer

remark

assumption

comment

friends

lunch

phone call

sound

bed

complaint

guess

mess

plan

soup

breakfast

dinner

law

mistake

profit

speech

cake

effort

list

money

progress

statement

change

error

loss

noise

promise

tea

Mais usados com do

activity

damage

favor

job

task

business

drawing

gardening

laundry

test

cleaning

duty

harm

one’s best

washing (up)

cooking

exam(ination)

homework

painting

work

course

exercise

ironing

shopping

Expressões com make e do

Além dos substantivos, há muitas expressões que são sempre faladas ou escritas com make ou com do, obrigatoriamente. Infelizmente, não existem regras claras para definir qual dos verbos usar, então é preciso decorá-las. Veja as listas abaixo:

Verbo Make:

Como usar o verbo make

amends How can I make amends?
an appointment She made an appointment with the dentist.
arrangements Let’s make some arrangements.
an attempt Let’s at make an attempt to be on time.
believe Their favourite game is to make believe that they are kings and queens.
certain I think the restaurant opens at six, but let’s make certain.
a change I’ve made some changes.
a choice You need to make a choice.
a comment She made a comment about my shirt.
a complaint He made a complaint to the manager.
a confession I’d like to make a confession.
a date What if we make a date for next week?
a decision I’ve made my decision.
a difference Exercising really made a difference.
a discovery He made a discovery.
an effort Make an effort!
an error He made an error on the report.
your escape The robbers made their escape.
an exception I made an exception to them today.
an excuse Did he make an excuse?
a face The child made a face.
a fire We made a fire and had a hot drink.
a fool of yourself You’ll make a fool of yourself.
a fortune She made a fortune when she sold her company.
friends She made lots of friends.
fun of They love to make fun of the teacher.
a fuss Don’t make a fuss!
an impression She certainly made an impression!
a joke He made a joke.
a list I must make a list.
a loss Their business made a loss.
love The hero and the heroine made love.
a mess What a mess he made!
a mistake She made so many mistakes.
money He made a lot of money.
a move Let’s make a move.
a noise Try not to make a noise.
an observation Could I make an observation?
an offer She made an offer on a painting.
a payment I’d like to make a credit card payment.
a phone call I’m going to make a phone call.
plans He is making plans to move to London.
a point He used examples to make his point.
a prediction He made a prediction.
a profit His business made a profit.
progress We’re making some progress!
a promise I made a promise to my father.
a remark The boss made a remark about his work.
a reservation Could you make a reservation for tonight?
a scene She made a scene in the café.
a sound Don’t make a sound!
a suggestion Can I make a suggestion?
sure Go and make sure.
the bed Make the bed before you leave.
time (= achar tempo para fazer algo) You need to make time to study.
trouble That man is trying to make trouble.
a visit I need to make a visit to my aunt.
your mind up Make your mind up quickly!
your way He made his way to a café.

 

Verbo Do:

Como usar o verbo do

30 mph (miles per hour) Many people do more than 30 mph on this road.
badly She did very badly on the exam.
your best Don’t worry, just do your best.
business It’s been a pleasure doing business with you.
chores I have to go home and do some chores.
a course John has decided to do a course in writing.
damage The storm has done a lot of damage to the house.
the dishes / the washing up I really hate doing the dishes.
a drawing The little boy spent hours doing a drawing.
your duty He has to do his duty.
an exam I have to do three exams.
exercise Julie likes doing exercise.
an exercise The teacher asked us to do a lot of grammar exercises.
someone a favour My friend did me a huge favour.
the gardening David often spends Sunday doing gardening.
good She tries to do good.
you good You should eat vegetables. They’ll do you good!
your hair She spends ages doing her hair.
harm It did more harm than good.
homework Have you finished doing your homework?
housework Let’s do the housework quickly.
the ironing She does the ironing.
a job I think the students did a great job.
the laundry / the washing He did the laundry.
your nails She likes to do her nails each week.
a painting There was an old man doing a painting.
paperwork Does everybody hate doing paperwork?
research I’m doing some research.
the shopping I’ll do the shopping tomorrow.
time (= estar na cadeia) He’s doing time.
well My brother is doing well in his new job.
work Peter does a lot of work at the weekends.
your worst Rain, do your worst!

Você já sabia como e quando usar o verbo make e o verbo do? E as principais expressões com cada um deles, já conhecia? Pode parecer difícil a princípio, mas é só estudar com atenção para o uso desses verbos se tornar mais natural.

E se você tiver dúvidas em outros tópicos da gramática inglesa, como o uso de will e going to ou can e may, ou sobre os advérbios em inglês, leia os outros artigos do nosso blog e acompanhe nossas postagens.

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